9+ Nail Tech Resume Examples & Samples (2024)


9+ Nail Tech Resume Examples & Samples (2024)

A correctly crafted utility doc showcasing related expertise and expertise is crucial for aspiring and skilled nail technicians looking for employment. These paperwork sometimes spotlight proficiency in areas corresponding to manicures, pedicures, nail artwork, acrylics, and gel utility, in addition to customer support and sanitation practices. Pattern paperwork could display numerous formatting kinds and content material methods tailor-made to totally different profession ranges and salon varieties.

Efficient utility supplies are essential for securing a place within the aggressive magnificence trade. A well-structured and informative presentation of {qualifications} can considerably improve the probability of acquiring an interview. This enables potential employers to shortly assess a candidate’s suitability for the position and contributes to knowledgeable first impression. Traditionally, emphasis has shifted from fundamental technical proficiency to encompassing a broader vary of expertise, together with consumer communication, salesmanship, and up-to-date data of trade developments.

The next sections will delve into the important thing parts of a compelling presentation of {qualifications}, providing sensible steering on content material creation, formatting, and tailoring the doc to particular job alternatives. Subjects lined embody showcasing related expertise, highlighting expertise, and crafting a compelling profession goal or abstract.

1. Abilities

The “Abilities” part inside a nail technician’s resume serves as a important element, straight influencing hiring choices. This part supplies a concise overview of a candidate’s technical proficiencies and skills, permitting potential employers to quickly assess suitability for a given position. A transparent articulation of expertise demonstrates competency and professionalism, setting the muse for a robust utility. For instance, itemizing proficiencies corresponding to acrylic utility, gel manicures, nail artwork, and sanitation practices permits employers to gauge a candidate’s vary of providers and adherence to trade requirements. The absence or insufficient presentation of expertise can negatively influence utility success, even when the candidate possesses the requisite expertise.

Efficient presentation of expertise requires cautious consideration of each onerous and gentle expertise related to the nail technician occupation. Exhausting expertise embody technical proficiencies like making use of synthetic nails, performing numerous manicure and pedicure strategies, and using specialised tools. Smooth expertise, equally vital, embody communication, customer support, time administration, and problem-solving skills. A well-balanced presentation of each ability units affords a complete image of the candidate’s capabilities. As an illustration, a candidate proficient in nail artwork may additionally spotlight their means to adapt designs to consumer preferences, demonstrating each technical ability and client-focused communication. This nuanced strategy provides depth to the applying and strengthens the candidate’s profile.

Exact and impactful language maximizes the effectiveness of the talents part. Utilizing motion verbs and quantifiable metrics strengthens the presentation. Moderately than merely itemizing “nail artwork,” a candidate may state “Proficient in creating intricate nail artwork designs, together with 3D gildings and painted by hand particulars.” Equally, as a substitute of “customer support,” a candidate may write “Efficiently managed a consumer base of over 200 people, guaranteeing customized service and exceeding buyer expectations.” This specificity supplies concrete proof of expertise and differentiates the candidate from others. A concise and impactful expertise part, due to this fact, serves as a strong software in conveying a candidate’s worth and potential contribution to a salon.

2. Expertise

The “Expertise” part of a nail technician resume is paramount, offering a tangible document {of professional} growth and sensible utility of expertise. This part affords potential employers concrete proof of a candidate’s capabilities, demonstrating previous efficiency and predicting future success. A well-structured presentation of expertise considerably enhances a resume’s influence, showcasing profession development and highlighting accomplishments inside the magnificence trade.

  • Salon Employment

    Itemizing earlier salon employment is key. Embrace the salon’s title, location, and employment dates. Specify the position held, corresponding to Nail Technician, Manicurist, or Pedicurist. This info supplies context for subsequent particulars and establishes a verifiable employment historical past. For instance, stating “Nail Technician, Elegant Nails Spa, Los Angeles, CA (2020-2023)” clearly outlines the position and length of employment.

  • Service Specialization

    Highlighting specialised providers provided inside every position strengthens the expertise presentation. Specify areas of experience, corresponding to acrylic nails, gel manicures, nail artwork, or spa therapies. This demonstrates a spread of expertise and caters to salons looking for particular proficiencies. As an illustration, a candidate may state, “Specialised in acrylic nail utility and complex nail artwork designs, contributing to a 20% improve in consumer bookings for these providers.” Quantifiable achievements additional improve the influence.

  • Shopper Administration

    Demonstrating expertise in consumer administration, together with constructing and sustaining a consumer base, provides worth to a resume. This highlights interpersonal expertise and enterprise acumen, worthwhile property within the magnificence trade. A candidate may notice, “Cultivated a loyal consumer base by customized consultations and constant service, leading to a 15% consumer retention fee above the salon common.” Such metrics showcase contributions to enterprise progress.

  • Product Information

    Itemizing familiarity with numerous product strains and types strengthens a candidate’s profile. This showcases adaptability and ongoing skilled growth. Stating expertise with particular manufacturers, corresponding to “Proficient in making use of and eradicating OPI, Essie, and CND Shellac merchandise,” demonstrates product data and caters to salons using these manufacturers.

These sides of expertise, when introduced successfully, present a complete overview of a candidate’s skilled journey and capabilities. A well-crafted “Expertise” part distinguishes candidates, conveying their worth and potential contribution to a potential salon. By strategically highlighting accomplishments and quantifying contributions, candidates can create a compelling narrative of their profession development and display their readiness for brand new alternatives.

3. Certifications

Certifications play an important position in a nail technician’s resume, demonstrating skilled dedication and adherence to trade requirements. These credentials validate specialised expertise and data, enhancing credibility and rising marketability to potential employers. Together with certifications inside a resume supplies a aggressive edge, signifying dedication to ongoing skilled growth and a dedication to offering high-quality providers.

  • Licensed Nail Technician

    Holding a sound state license is a basic requirement for working towards as a nail technician. This legally mandated certification ensures adherence to security and sanitation laws, defending each shoppers and practitioners. Clearly stating license info, together with the issuing state and license quantity, demonstrates professionalism and compliance with authorized necessities. For instance, “Licensed Nail Technician, State of California, License #1234567” supplies important verification.

  • Specialised Certifications

    Superior certifications in particular areas, corresponding to acrylic utility, gel manicures, nail artwork, or spa therapies, additional improve a resume. These credentials showcase experience in particular strategies and providers, catering to salons looking for specialised ability units. Examples embody certifications in acrylic nail techniques from respected manufacturers like CND or Younger Nails, or specialised nail artwork certifications from acknowledged coaching establishments. Itemizing these certifications demonstrates a dedication to steady studying and ability growth.

  • Security and Sanitation Certifications

    Certifications associated to security and sanitation practices, corresponding to these provided by the American Crimson Cross or different acknowledged organizations, display a dedication to consumer well-being and adherence to greatest practices. These credentials are more and more valued within the trade, highlighting a candidate’s consciousness of hygiene protocols and an infection management measures. Together with these certifications reinforces a dedication to offering a protected and wholesome salon setting.

  • Persevering with Training Models (CEUs)

    Documenting earned CEUs demonstrates ongoing skilled growth and a dedication to staying present with trade developments and developments. These models, typically required for license renewal, signify a dedication to lifelong studying and a proactive strategy to ability enhancement. Together with CEUs inside a resume alerts a dedication to steady enchancment and adaptableness inside the evolving magnificence trade.

Strategic inclusion of certifications inside a nail technician resume elevates a candidate’s profile, showcasing skilled {qualifications} and dedication to excellence. These credentials present tangible proof of specialised expertise and data, differentiating candidates and rising their attractiveness to potential employers. By showcasing a complete vary of certifications, a candidate demonstrates each competence and a dedication to offering high-quality providers in a protected {and professional} method.

4. Training

The “Training” part of a nail technician resume supplies essential background info, validating {qualifications} and demonstrating foundational data. This part permits potential employers to evaluate a candidate’s formal coaching and preparation for a profession within the magnificence trade. A transparent and concise presentation of academic credentials establishes credibility and professionalism.

  • Cosmetology Education

    Completion of a state-approved cosmetology program is usually a prerequisite for acquiring a nail technician license. Itemizing the title and placement of the cosmetology college attended, together with dates of attendance and commencement, supplies important verification of formal coaching. For instance, “Hollywood Magnificence Institute, Los Angeles, CA (2019-2020)” clearly outlines the establishment and length of research. Together with particulars of particular coursework related to nail expertise, corresponding to acrylic utility, nail artwork, or sanitation practices, additional strengthens this part.

  • Excessive Faculty Diploma/GED

    Whereas a highschool diploma or GED might not be strictly required by all salons, together with this info demonstrates a dedication to training and might be seen favorably by some employers. This means a foundational stage of educational achievement and a dedication to finishing academic applications. Itemizing the highschool title, location, and commencement date supplies context for the candidate’s total academic background.

  • Further Coaching and Workshops

    Itemizing extra coaching or workshops associated to nail expertise, corresponding to specialised programs in nail artwork, superior acrylic strategies, or spa therapies, demonstrates a dedication to ongoing skilled growth. These supplementary credentials showcase a proactive strategy to ability enhancement and a dedication to staying present with trade developments. Together with the title of the coaching supplier, course title, and completion date supplies context and validates the coaching.

  • Related Coursework (if relevant)

    If a candidate pursued larger training in a associated discipline, corresponding to enterprise administration or tremendous arts, itemizing related coursework can display extra expertise relevant to the nail technician occupation. As an illustration, coursework in enterprise administration may spotlight expertise in stock management or consumer relations, whereas coursework in tremendous arts may showcase an understanding of design ideas. This extra info can add depth to the candidate’s profile and spotlight transferable expertise.

A well-structured “Training” part reinforces the {qualifications} introduced elsewhere within the resume, offering a complete overview of a candidate’s academic background and dedication to skilled growth. This part contributes to a robust and credible utility, demonstrating a strong basis for a profitable profession as a nail technician.

5. Contact Info

Correct and accessible contact info is crucial for a nail technician resume. This part facilitates communication between potential employers and candidates, enabling interview scheduling and subsequent employment discussions. With out clear contact particulars, alternatives could also be missed. A whole and accurately formatted contact part ensures a candidate stays reachable all through the hiring course of. This features a full title, skilled electronic mail tackle, telephone quantity, and optionally, knowledgeable on-line portfolio or social media hyperlink related to nail artistry. Omitting or offering inaccurate contact info can hinder a candidate’s prospects, probably resulting in missed alternatives.

A number of elements contribute to the significance of contact info inside a nail technician resume. Firstly, it demonstrates professionalism and a focus to element. A devoted skilled electronic mail tackle, separate from private accounts, conveys a critical strategy to profession pursuits. Secondly, available contact particulars streamline the hiring course of. Employers can shortly attain out to promising candidates, expediting the interview and choice course of. This effectivity advantages each the candidate and the employer. Thirdly, full contact info permits for thorough candidate verification. Employers could use supplied particulars to verify employment historical past, licenses, and certifications, guaranteeing the accuracy of knowledge introduced inside the resume. For instance, an simply accessible telephone quantity permits immediate communication, whereas knowledgeable on-line portfolio supplies visible proof of a candidate’s expertise and artistry.

In abstract, contact info serves as a important hyperlink between candidate and employer inside the context of a nail technician resume. Accuracy, completeness, {and professional} presentation of contact particulars contribute to a optimistic first impression and facilitate environment friendly communication. This seemingly easy but essential element can considerably affect hiring choices, guaranteeing candidates stay accessible and maximizing their possibilities of securing desired employment alternatives.

6. Abstract/Goal

The Abstract/Goal part in a nail technician resume serves as a concise and compelling introduction, capturing the candidate’s key {qualifications} and profession aspirations. This part supplies a snapshot of the candidate’s skilled profile, enabling potential employers to shortly assess suitability for a given position. A well-crafted Abstract/Goal can considerably improve a resume’s influence, differentiating the candidate from others and rising the probability of securing an interview.

  • Profession Goal

    A Profession Goal assertion clearly outlines the candidate’s desired place and profession targets inside the nail technician discipline. This strategy is especially efficient for entry-level candidates or these looking for a particular position inside a salon. For instance, “In search of a Nail Technician place at a high-volume salon to make the most of experience in acrylic utility and nail artwork, contributing to a dynamic and artistic crew.” This assertion straight communicates the candidate’s aspirations and goal work setting.

  • Skilled Abstract

    A Skilled Abstract supplies a quick overview of the candidate’s expertise, expertise, and accomplishments. This strategy is well-suited for knowledgeable nail technicians looking for to spotlight their experience and profession development. As an illustration, “Licensed Nail Technician with 5+ years of expertise in offering distinctive nail care providers, specializing in acrylic nails, gel manicures, and complex nail artwork. Confirmed means to construct and keep a loyal consumer base, constantly exceeding buyer expectations.” This abstract showcases expertise and key achievements.

  • Focused Strategy

    Tailoring the Abstract/Goal to the particular necessities of every job utility maximizes its effectiveness. Reviewing the job description and highlighting related expertise and expertise demonstrates a candidate’s suitability for the actual position. For instance, if a salon emphasizes pure nail care, a candidate may state, “Skilled Nail Technician specializing in pure nail well being and upkeep, together with manicures, pedicures, and paraffin therapies. Captivated with offering customized nail care options and selling consumer well-being.” This focused strategy aligns the candidate’s profile with the employer’s wants.

  • Key phrases and Abilities

    Incorporating related key phrases and expertise inside the Abstract/Goal part can enhance a resume’s visibility in applicant monitoring techniques (ATS). These techniques scan resumes for particular phrases, typically mirroring language utilized in job descriptions. Together with phrases corresponding to “acrylic utility,” “gel manicures,” “nail artwork,” or “sanitation practices” can improve the probability of a resume being chosen for overview. This strategic use of key phrases optimizes the resume for each human and automatic overview processes.

A thoughtfully crafted Abstract/Goal part supplies a compelling introduction to a nail technician resume, serving as a gateway to the candidate’s detailed {qualifications} {and professional} expertise. By strategically highlighting related expertise, expertise, and profession aspirations, candidates can create a strong first impression and improve their possibilities of securing a desired place within the aggressive magnificence trade. Efficient use of this part demonstrates professionalism and a transparent understanding of the goal position, in the end contributing to a profitable job search.

7. Salon Expertise

Salon expertise types a cornerstone of efficient nail technician resumes. It supplies tangible proof of sensible ability utility, consumer interplay, and adherence to skilled requirements inside a real-world setting. This part’s energy straight influences hiring choices, as employers prioritize candidates with demonstrable expertise related to the salon setting. A resume missing adequate salon expertise could also be ignored, particularly for aggressive positions. For instance, a resume itemizing expertise in a high-volume, respected salon carries extra weight than one itemizing solely home-based apply. The kind of salon setting additionally performs a job, with expertise in a spa setting probably extra engaging to employers looking for nail technicians specializing in luxurious therapies.

The depth and element supplied inside the salon expertise part are essential. Merely itemizing salon names and employment dates is inadequate. Candidates ought to specify roles held, providers supplied, and quantifiable achievements. This supplies a complete overview of contributions and demonstrates skilled progress inside every position. As an illustration, a candidate may state, “Managed a consumer base of over 100 common shoppers at ‘Luxurious Nails Spa,’ leading to a 15% improve in repeat enterprise.” This quantifiable achievement showcases enterprise acumen and consumer retention expertise, making the candidate extra engaging to potential employers. Additional elaboration on particular strategies employed, corresponding to experience in acrylic utility, gel manicures, or nail artwork, reinforces technical proficiency. Demonstrating proficiency in specialised providers, like nail artwork or spa pedicures, additional strengthens the candidate’s profile. Highlighting expertise with particular product strains used inside salons additionally provides worth. Such particulars resonate with employers looking for candidates conversant in most popular manufacturers.

In abstract, salon expertise serves as a important differentiator inside nail technician resumes. It supplies concrete proof of sensible expertise {and professional} growth inside a related setting. Candidates ought to emphasize the depth and breadth of their salon expertise, quantifying achievements and highlighting specialised expertise to maximise influence. A well-crafted salon expertise part substantiates {qualifications}, will increase marketability, and in the end contributes considerably to securing desired employment alternatives inside the aggressive magnificence trade.

8. Shopper Administration

Shopper administration expertise are important for nail technicians and needs to be prominently featured inside resume examples. Efficient consumer administration straight impacts consumer retention, income technology, and total salon success. Subsequently, demonstrating proficiency on this space considerably strengthens a candidate’s profile. Resumes ought to showcase skills corresponding to constructing rapport, dealing with consumer inquiries and issues, managing appointments successfully, and sustaining consumer information. These expertise contribute to a optimistic consumer expertise, fostering loyalty and repeat enterprise. For instance, a resume may spotlight expertise with implementing a consumer loyalty program that resulted in a measurable improve in return visits. One other instance may very well be showcasing proficiency in utilizing salon software program for appointment scheduling and consumer communication, demonstrating technical aptitude and organizational expertise.

The sensible significance of showcasing consumer administration expertise inside a resume lies in its demonstration of professionalism and enterprise acumen. Nail technicians should not merely service suppliers; they’re additionally answerable for cultivating consumer relationships and contributing to the salon’s total profitability. A candidate who can display efficient consumer administration expertise is extra more likely to be perceived as a worthwhile asset to a salon. This interprets to a better probability of securing employment and probably commanding larger compensation. Moreover, robust consumer administration expertise contribute to a optimistic work setting and cut back potential conflicts, resulting in elevated job satisfaction and profession longevity. Actual-world examples, corresponding to efficiently resolving consumer complaints or implementing methods to enhance consumer retention charges, present concrete proof of those skills and add weight to a resume.

In conclusion, consumer administration represents a important ability set for nail technicians, and its efficient presentation inside a resume is essential. By showcasing accomplishments and quantifiable contributions associated to consumer administration, candidates display professionalism, enterprise acumen, and a dedication to offering distinctive consumer service. This understanding permits candidates to craft extra compelling resumes, highlighting their worth and potential contributions to a potential salon, in the end rising their competitiveness inside the magnificence trade.

9. Product Information

Product data is a important element of a compelling nail technician resume. Demonstrating familiarity with numerous product strains, their particular purposes, and potential advantages alerts professionalism and a dedication to offering high-quality providers. This information straight impacts service suggestions, consumer satisfaction, and total salon success. A resume that successfully showcases product data enhances a candidate’s marketability and distinguishes them from opponents with much less complete understanding.

  • Model Familiarity

    Itemizing expertise with distinguished manufacturers within the nail trade, corresponding to OPI, Essie, CND, Kiara Sky, and others, demonstrates consciousness of trade requirements and product high quality. Specifying familiarity with totally different product varieties inside every model, corresponding to gel polishes, acrylic techniques, or dipping powders, additional strengthens this demonstration. For instance, stating “Proficient in making use of and eradicating CND Shellac and Brisa Gel techniques” highlights particular product data related to many salons.

  • Software Strategies

    Understanding the right utility strategies for numerous product varieties is essential for reaching optimum outcomes and guaranteeing consumer security. Highlighting experience in particular strategies, corresponding to making use of and eradicating gel polish with out damaging the pure nail, or safely making use of acrylic enhancements, strengthens a candidate’s profile. This information straight interprets to consumer satisfaction and minimizes potential points like nail injury or allergic reactions.

  • Product Advantages and Substances

    Information of product elements and their potential advantages permits nail technicians to supply knowledgeable suggestions tailor-made to consumer wants. Understanding the variations between numerous product formulations, corresponding to these designed for strengthening nails, selling nail progress, or addressing particular nail issues, demonstrates a client-focused strategy. This information enhances consumer consultations and builds belief, resulting in elevated consumer satisfaction and potential upselling alternatives.

  • Security and Sanitation Protocols

    Demonstrating data of security and sanitation protocols associated to product utilization is crucial. This consists of correct storage and dealing with of chemical compounds, adherence to producer tips, and understanding potential hazards related to particular merchandise. Highlighting this data reassures potential employers of a candidate’s dedication to consumer security and adherence to trade greatest practices, contributing to knowledgeable and accountable picture.

Efficient presentation of product data inside a nail technician resume supplies a aggressive edge. By showcasing a complete understanding of product strains, utility strategies, and security protocols, candidates display their readiness to contribute meaningfully to a salon setting. This specialised data enhances consumer service, strengthens skilled credibility, and in the end will increase a candidate’s desirability inside the aggressive magnificence trade.

Incessantly Requested Questions

This part addresses frequent inquiries relating to efficient resume creation for nail technicians.

Query 1: How can one tailor a resume to particular job postings?

Rigorously overview job descriptions, figuring out key phrases and desired expertise. Mirror this language inside the resume’s expertise, expertise, and abstract/goal sections. Highlighting experiences straight related to the marketed place will increase the probability of choice.

Query 2: What are an important expertise to emphasise?

Prioritize technical proficiencies, corresponding to acrylic utility, gel manicures, and nail artwork. Complement these with important gentle expertise like consumer communication, time administration, and sanitation practices. Quantify achievements each time attainable.

Query 3: How ought to one format the expertise part for max influence?

Checklist salon names, employment dates, and particular roles held. Element specialised providers supplied and quantify achievements inside every position. Spotlight consumer administration expertise and contributions to enterprise progress.

Query 4: What certifications are most useful to incorporate?

A sound state license is crucial. Further certifications in specialised areas, corresponding to acrylics or nail artwork, additional improve a resume. Certifications associated to security and sanitation practices display professionalism.

Query 5: How can one tackle a scarcity of intensive salon expertise?

Spotlight any related expertise, corresponding to private nail artistry, volunteer work, or participation in competitions. Deal with transferable expertise like consideration to element, creativity, and consumer interplay. Emphasize dedication to studying {and professional} growth.

Query 6: What’s one of the best ways to current product data on a resume?

Checklist familiarity with distinguished nail product manufacturers and specify expertise with numerous product varieties. Spotlight experience in particular utility strategies and data of product advantages. Display understanding of security and sanitation protocols.

A well-crafted resume showcasing expertise, expertise, and related certifications considerably will increase employability. Steady skilled growth and a focus to trade developments additional improve profession prospects.

The next part affords concluding remarks and key takeaways for aspiring and established nail technicians.

Suggestions for Crafting a Compelling Nail Technician Resume

The following pointers supply sensible steering for making a resume that successfully showcases {qualifications} and attracts potential employers.

Tip 1: Tailor Content material to Particular Job Postings: Rigorously analyze job descriptions, noting key phrases and desired expertise. Mirror this language inside the resume to display a transparent match between {qualifications} and employer necessities. This focused strategy will increase the probability of a resume being chosen for overview.

Tip 2: Quantify Achievements At any time when Potential: As a substitute of merely itemizing obligations, quantify accomplishments to display influence. For instance, “Elevated consumer retention by 15% by customized service and follow-up communication” supplies concrete proof of contributions.

Tip 3: Prioritize Related Abilities: Deal with technical expertise straight associated to nail providers, corresponding to acrylic utility, gel manicures, and nail artwork. Complement these with important gentle expertise like consumer communication and time administration.

Tip 4: Showcase Product Information: Display familiarity with distinguished nail product manufacturers, specifying expertise with numerous product varieties. Spotlight experience in particular utility strategies and data of product elements and advantages.

Tip 5: Spotlight Shopper Administration Abilities: Showcase skills in constructing consumer rapport, dealing with inquiries, and managing appointments successfully. Present examples of profitable consumer interactions or initiatives that improved consumer satisfaction and retention.

Tip 6: Emphasize Security and Sanitation Practices: Clearly talk adherence to security and sanitation protocols. Embrace related certifications and element expertise in sustaining a hygienic work setting, demonstrating a dedication to consumer well-being.

Tip 7: Keep a Skilled and Concise Format: Use a clear and arranged structure. Select knowledgeable font and keep constant formatting all through the doc. Maintain the resume concise and centered, ideally inside one web page.

Tip 8: Proofread Completely: Errors in grammar and spelling detract from professionalism. Completely proofread the resume earlier than submitting it, guaranteeing accuracy and a focus to element. Take into account having a trusted colleague overview the doc for a contemporary perspective.

Implementing these methods considerably improves a resume’s effectiveness, rising the probability of securing interviews and in the end, desired employment alternatives.

The next part supplies a concise conclusion to this complete information on creating efficient nail technician resumes.

Conclusion

Efficient resume presentation is essential for nail technicians looking for profession development. This exploration has emphasised the significance of showcasing related expertise, detailing expertise, highlighting certifications, and presenting product data. A well-crafted doc demonstrating professionalism and trade experience is crucial for securing desired positions inside the aggressive magnificence sector. Key components embody quantifiable achievements inside the expertise part, a focused abstract or goal assertion, and a complete overview of related certifications and product experience.

Strategic resume growth empowers nail technicians to successfully talk {qualifications} and profession aspirations. Investing effort and time in crafting compelling utility supplies positions candidates for achievement inside this dynamic and evolving trade. A refined and informative resume serves as a strong software, enabling nail technicians to safe fulfilling and rewarding profession alternatives.